“超出训练时间”——精英足球发展路径的系统回顾

Introduction This systematic review synthesised research on the developmental activities of elite male football players and evaluated what existing evidence reveals about variation in developmental pathways across populations and contexts. Methods Guided by the Developmental Model of Sport Participation, a framework synthesis was employed to integrate predominantly quantitative data within a qualitative, context-sensitive approach. Eighteen peer-reviewed studies were included following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, examining engagement in domain-specific activities (structured training, competition