认知行为疗法中机制的改变：对临床实践的影响

SUMMARY Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) developed from two traditions: behavioural methods grounded in learning theory, and cognitive models that explain emotional distress through appraisals and beliefs. Contemporary practice integrates both at the level of formulation and technique: behavioural methods such as exposure and behavioural activation can change cognition, while cognitive strategies can support behavioural change. The empirical picture is more complex. Component studies suggest that behavioural interventions alone often produce outcomes comparable to full CBT, while the mediat