从蟾毒到药物开发：5-甲氧基色胺（5-MeO-DMT）在治疗抵抗性抑郁症中的临床药理学研究。

Treatment-resistant depression affects about one-third of patients with major depressive disorder and remains a major unmet need. Mebufotenin (5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine; 5-MeO-DMT), the principal psychoactive constituent of Incilius alvarius parotoid secretion and of several Amazonian plants, is a pharmacologically atypical serotonergic psychedelic in clinical development for this indication. This narrative review analyses its clinical pharmacology, drawing on a structured search of PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and grey literature through 15 August 2026, supplement