表征格式与程序之间的冲突限制了视觉追踪。

Computer-assisted design software, such as PowerPoint, groups separate elements to create structured objects whose parts can be manipulated relative to the whole. Might visual perception perform a similar operation, grouping scene elements and representing them with internal reference to the emergent structure? The proposal is central yet perennially controversial in cognitive neuroscience and philosophy of mind. In a series of seven preregistered tracking experiments, we identify internally referenced representations in human vision by relying on the logic that, as in computer-assisted design