基于语言的情感评估可以捕捉到实验诱导的情感变化，超越了评分量表的范围。

Abstract Language-based assessments (LBAs) have shown strong convergent and criterion validity cross-sectionally and longitudinally. However, no study has tested whether LBAs of affect can capture experiment-induced changes (i.e., causal validity ). In this randomized mixed-design experiment, participants ( N = 892) completed a mood induction procedure comprising different conditions ( church, shopping mall, and park ) using physical locations ( N = 153) and online video clips ( N = 739). Participants reported their pre- and post-induction affect through open-ended responses and ratings (i.e.,