音乐暴露对啮齿类动物焦虑和抑郁行为的影响：系统综述与多层次元分析

Abstract Anxiety and depressive disorders impose a major global burden, prompting interest in non-pharmacological interventions that may influence affective processes. Music exposure has often been reported to affect anxiety- and depression-like behaviors, but preclinical findings remain heterogeneous and have not been quantitatively synthesized. Prior work has also focused almost entirely on mean behavioral responses, largely overlooking inter-individual variability as a biologically meaningful dimension. We conducted a preregistered systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of experimen