足球点球性别差异研究

The competition between the players during penalty kicks has been extensively studied in men's soccer, but almost entirely neglected in the women's game. This study investigates gender differences in penalty-kick choices during shootouts in top international competitions. Using an objective coding method, each kick was analyzed based on the exact location of the ball when crossing the line. The findings reveal both similarities and differences in kicking patterns. Players of both genders tended to favor low, flat kicks to the right side of the goal (as seen from the goalkeeper's perspective),