逆境中学习：高等教育中反脆弱性的系统回顾与概念综合

Higher education prepares students for increasingly complex contexts characterised by adversity. However, current educational perspectives primarily focus on coping, resilience, and returning to a baseline state. Literature offers limited insight into how adversity can be leveraged to contribute to learning and development. Our study explores antifragility, the capacity to turn adversity into an advantage, as an alternative perspective on how students learn during challenging experiences. Through a cross-disciplinary conceptual systematic review, we synthesised 172 peer-reviewed publications.