慢性疼痛作为复杂动态系统：概念基础与网络方法的综述性叙述

Despite extensive medical, psychological, and social research and substantial healthcare investment, chronic pain remains highly prevalent, and a leading cause of years lived with disability. While multimodal and interdisciplinary treatments are recommended, progress may be limited by the lack of an integrative theoretical framework that captures the complexity of chronic pain across levels of analysis. We introduce a complex dynamic systems perspective as a unifying theoretical framework in which chronic pain emerges from interactions among biological, psychological, and social components ove