自我批评和自信在学业压力和自尊之间的关联中的间接作用

This study examined the associations among academic stress, self-esteem, self-critical and self-reassuring processes, and perceived parental expectations in university students, with particular attention to the indirect associations of academic stress with self-esteem through Inadequate Self, Hated Self, and Reassured Self. The sample consisted of 400 university students aged 17-30 years (M = 22.13, SD = 2.90). Participants completed measures of perceived academic stress, parental expectations, self-esteem, and self-criticism/self-reassurance. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, P