小学母语（乌兹别克语）课程中的文本工作作为一个方法论问题： 4年级的理论基础和准实验证据

This article examines text-based work in primary-school native (Uzbek) language lessons as a persistent methodological problem. In Grades 1–4 of Uzbek schools the native language subject (Ona tili) is taught separately from reading literacy, and its textbooks contain numerous short coherent texts; however, these texts are used mainly as material for spelling and grammatical exercises, and pupils rarely work with them as communicative wholes. International and national assessments reveal the consequences: in PIRLS 2021 Uzbek fourth-graders scored 437 points against a scale centrepoint of 500, a