Neurobiology of Intelligence: Emotional, Social, and Spiritual Dimensions in the Light of Neuroplasticity

Contemporary neuroscience has substantially expanded our understanding of human intelligence beyond traditional psychometric models.Current evidence indicates that intelligence emerges from the dynamic interaction of cognitive, emotional, social, and higher-order meaning-oriented processes, supported by distributed functional brain networks and continuously shaped by neuroplastic mechanisms.This narrative review synthesizes contemporary evidence from cognitive neuroscience, neuropsychology, and behavioral science concerning the neurobiological foundations of human intelligence.The literature w