大学生体育参与、生活导向、心理健康和药物使用

This study was conducted to understand how sports participation, life orientation (optimism), psychological well-being, and substance use are connected among college students. The main goal was to see if playing sports helps in reducing substance use directly or indirectly by building better optimism and psychological well-being. A quantitative, cross-sectional, correlational research design was used for this study. Data was collected from a sample of 66 college students aged between 17 and 25 years using standard online questionnaires, including the Athlete Engagement Questionnaire (AEQ-16),