口周运动稳定机制：无经典本体感受的模型

Voluntary perioral movements, including speech articulation, deliberate lip posturing, and postural stabilization during oral closure, require motor precision despite the absence of muscle spindles and proprioceptive receptors in perioral musculature. The facial nerve is purely efferent, providing no direct sensory return. How the motor system achieves stable control under these constraints has remained unresolved. We propose the Orofacial Region as Integrated System (ORIS) model as a mechanistic candidate tailored to voluntary and automatic segmental perioral behaviors. The model identifies c