A Comparative Analysis of Reading Achievement Across the Turkic World: PIRLS 2021 as a Benchmark for Educational Unity
Bilginer Onan、Hasan Kağan Keskin、Özay Karadağ · Bilig Journal of Social Sciences in Turkish World · 2026-10-30
基于PIRLS 2021数据，比较阿塞拜疆、哈萨克斯坦、土耳其与乌兹别克斯坦四年级学生的阅读成绩及影响因素。
这篇论文暂时没有中文摘要，下面保留英文原题与摘要。
研究信息
- 期刊 / 来源
- Bilig Journal of Social Sciences in Turkish World
- 发表日期
- 2026-10-30
- 文献库
- OpenAlex
- 作者
- Bilginer Onan, Hasan Kağan Keskin, Özay Karadağ
- DOI
- 10.12995/bilig.9616
英文原文摘要全文
This study examines student – and school-level variables affecting the reading achievement of fourth-grade students in the Turkic Republics (Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Türkiye, and Uzbekistan)based on Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) 2021 data. Following missing data screening, the final sample comprised 19,997 students nested within 796 schools. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) indicated that betweenschool achievement variance was highest in Azerbaijan (41%) and lowest in Uzbekistan (16%), warranting the application of Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). The anal
中文摘要由自动翻译整理，可能丢掉原文的限定条件；涉及具体数字与结论时以英文原文为准。
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